The prospective HONEST study estimated an approximately 2.8 times higher risk for cardiovascular disease incidence among individuals with uncontrolled hypertension and diabetes vs those with controlled hypertension without diabetes.
The duration of hypertension or diabetes is associated with the prevalence of coexistence. Microvascular damage, sympathetic damage, an enhanced renin-angiotensin system, and decreased insulin sensitivity, all of which are caused by hypertension and/or diabetes, exacerbate hypertension and diabetes, and longer duration increases the risk for coexistence.
According to the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study, age- and race-adjusted rates of coronary heart disease incidence among individuals with hypertension and diabetes were approximately seven times higher in women (2.7 vs 18.7) and three times higher in men (9.9 vs 28.4) compared with those without hypertension and diabetes.
Other studies have shown that the multivariable-adjusted risk of the coexistence of hypertension and diabetes for ischemic stroke was 3-4.5 times higher than that seen in individuals without hypertension and diabetes mellitus.
Learn more about the clinical manifestations of hypertension.
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Cite this: Romesh Khardori. Fast Five Quiz: Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension - Medscape - Feb 22, 2022.
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