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      Drugs & Diseases

      flavoxate (Rx)

      Brand and Other Names:
      • Print

      Dosing & Uses

      AdultPediatric

      Dosage Forms & Strengths

      tablets

      • 100 mg

      Overactive Bladder

      Indicated for dysuria, increased urinary frequency/incontinence, nocturia, suprapubic pain, urinary incontinence, urinary tract irritation, urinary urgency

      100-200 mg PO q6-8hr

      Dosage Forms & Strengths

      tablets

      • 100 mg

      Dysuria, Urinary Frequency

      Indicated for dysuria, increased urinary frequency, nocturia, suprapubic pain, urinary incontinence, urinary tract irritation, urinary urgency

      <12 years: Not recommended; safety and efficacy not established

      ≥12 years: 100-200 mg PO q6-8hr

      Next:

      Interactions

      Interaction Checker

      and flavoxate

      No Results

         activity indicator 
        No Interactions Found
        Interactions Found

        Contraindicated

          Serious - Use Alternative

            Significant - Monitor Closely

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                All Interactions Sort By:
                 activity indicator 

                Contraindicated (0)

                  Serious - Use Alternative (2)

                  • pramlintide

                    pramlintide, flavoxate. Either increases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic synergism. Contraindicated. Synergistic inhibition of GI motility.

                  • secretin

                    flavoxate decreases effects of secretin by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Avoid or Use Alternate Drug. Concomitant use of anticholinergic drugs may cause a hyporesponse to stimulation testing with secretin. Discontinue anticholinergic drugs at least 5 half-lives before administering secretin.

                  Monitor Closely (89)

                  • aclidinium

                    flavoxate and aclidinium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • amantadine

                    flavoxate, amantadine. Mechanism: pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Potential for increased anticholinergic adverse effects.

                  • amitriptyline

                    flavoxate and amitriptyline both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Modify Therapy/Monitor Closely.

                  • amoxapine

                    flavoxate and amoxapine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • anticholinergic/sedative combos

                    anticholinergic/sedative combos and flavoxate both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • aripiprazole

                    flavoxate decreases levels of aripiprazole by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    flavoxate decreases levels of aripiprazole by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    aripiprazole increases effects of flavoxate by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

                  • atracurium

                    atracurium and flavoxate both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • atropine

                    atropine and flavoxate both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • atropine IV/IM

                    atropine IV/IM and flavoxate both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • belladonna alkaloids

                    belladonna alkaloids and flavoxate both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • belladonna and opium

                    flavoxate and belladonna and opium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • benperidol

                    flavoxate decreases levels of benperidol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    flavoxate decreases levels of benperidol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    benperidol increases effects of flavoxate by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

                  • benztropine

                    benztropine and flavoxate both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic adverse effects may be seen with concurrent use.

                  • bethanechol

                    bethanechol increases and flavoxate decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • carbachol

                    carbachol increases and flavoxate decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • cevimeline

                    cevimeline increases and flavoxate decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • chlorpromazine

                    flavoxate decreases levels of chlorpromazine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    flavoxate decreases levels of chlorpromazine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    chlorpromazine increases effects of flavoxate by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

                  • cisatracurium

                    cisatracurium and flavoxate both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • clomipramine

                    flavoxate and clomipramine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • clozapine

                    flavoxate decreases levels of clozapine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    flavoxate decreases levels of clozapine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    clozapine increases effects of flavoxate by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

                  • cyclizine

                    cyclizine and flavoxate both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • cyclobenzaprine

                    cyclobenzaprine and flavoxate both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • darifenacin

                    darifenacin and flavoxate both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • dicyclomine

                    dicyclomine and flavoxate both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • diphenhydramine

                    diphenhydramine and flavoxate both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • donepezil

                    donepezil increases and flavoxate decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • donepezil transdermal

                    donepezil transdermal, flavoxate. Either decreases effects of the other by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • dosulepin

                    flavoxate and dosulepin both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • doxepin

                    flavoxate and doxepin both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • droperidol

                    flavoxate decreases levels of droperidol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    flavoxate decreases levels of droperidol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    droperidol increases effects of flavoxate by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

                  • echothiophate iodide

                    echothiophate iodide increases and flavoxate decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • fesoterodine

                    fesoterodine and flavoxate both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • fluphenazine

                    flavoxate decreases levels of fluphenazine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    flavoxate decreases levels of fluphenazine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    fluphenazine increases effects of flavoxate by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

                  • galantamine

                    galantamine increases and flavoxate decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • glycopyrrolate

                    flavoxate and glycopyrrolate both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • glycopyrrolate inhaled

                    flavoxate and glycopyrrolate inhaled both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • haloperidol

                    flavoxate decreases levels of haloperidol by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    flavoxate decreases levels of haloperidol by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    haloperidol increases effects of flavoxate by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

                  • henbane

                    flavoxate and henbane both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • homatropine

                    flavoxate and homatropine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • huperzine A

                    huperzine A increases and flavoxate decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • hyoscyamine

                    flavoxate and hyoscyamine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • hyoscyamine spray

                    flavoxate and hyoscyamine spray both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • iloperidone

                    flavoxate decreases levels of iloperidone by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    flavoxate decreases levels of iloperidone by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    iloperidone increases effects of flavoxate by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

                  • imipramine

                    flavoxate and imipramine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • ipratropium

                    flavoxate and ipratropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor. Due to the poor systemic absorption of ipratropium, interaction unlikely at regularly recommended dosages.

                  • lofepramine

                    flavoxate and lofepramine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • loxapine

                    flavoxate decreases levels of loxapine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    flavoxate decreases levels of loxapine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    loxapine increases effects of flavoxate by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

                  • loxapine inhaled

                    loxapine inhaled increases effects of flavoxate by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

                    flavoxate decreases levels of loxapine inhaled by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • maprotiline

                    flavoxate and maprotiline both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • meclizine

                    flavoxate and meclizine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • methscopolamine

                    flavoxate and methscopolamine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • neostigmine

                    neostigmine increases and flavoxate decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • nortriptyline

                    flavoxate and nortriptyline both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • olanzapine

                    flavoxate decreases levels of olanzapine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    flavoxate decreases levels of olanzapine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    olanzapine increases effects of flavoxate by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

                  • onabotulinumtoxinA

                    onabotulinumtoxinA and flavoxate both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • orphenadrine

                    flavoxate and orphenadrine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • oxybutynin

                    flavoxate and oxybutynin both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • oxybutynin topical

                    flavoxate and oxybutynin topical both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • oxybutynin transdermal

                    flavoxate and oxybutynin transdermal both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • paliperidone

                    flavoxate decreases levels of paliperidone by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    flavoxate decreases levels of paliperidone by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    paliperidone increases effects of flavoxate by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

                  • pancuronium

                    flavoxate and pancuronium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • perphenazine

                    flavoxate decreases levels of perphenazine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    flavoxate decreases levels of perphenazine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    perphenazine increases effects of flavoxate by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

                  • physostigmine

                    physostigmine increases and flavoxate decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • pilocarpine

                    pilocarpine increases and flavoxate decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • pimozide

                    flavoxate decreases levels of pimozide by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    flavoxate decreases levels of pimozide by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    pimozide increases effects of flavoxate by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

                  • pralidoxime

                    flavoxate and pralidoxime both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • prochlorperazine

                    flavoxate decreases levels of prochlorperazine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    flavoxate decreases levels of prochlorperazine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    prochlorperazine increases effects of flavoxate by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

                  • promethazine

                    flavoxate decreases levels of promethazine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    flavoxate decreases levels of promethazine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    promethazine increases effects of flavoxate by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

                  • propantheline

                    flavoxate and propantheline both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • protriptyline

                    flavoxate and protriptyline both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • pyridostigmine

                    pyridostigmine increases and flavoxate decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • quetiapine

                    flavoxate decreases levels of quetiapine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    flavoxate decreases levels of quetiapine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    quetiapine increases effects of flavoxate by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

                  • rapacuronium

                    flavoxate and rapacuronium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • risperidone

                    flavoxate decreases levels of risperidone by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    flavoxate decreases levels of risperidone by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    risperidone increases effects of flavoxate by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

                  • rocuronium

                    flavoxate and rocuronium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • scopolamine

                    flavoxate and scopolamine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • solifenacin

                    flavoxate and solifenacin both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • succinylcholine

                    succinylcholine increases and flavoxate decreases cholinergic effects/transmission. Effect of interaction is not clear, use caution. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • thioridazine

                    flavoxate decreases levels of thioridazine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    flavoxate decreases levels of thioridazine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    thioridazine increases effects of flavoxate by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

                  • thiothixene

                    flavoxate decreases levels of thiothixene by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    flavoxate decreases levels of thiothixene by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    thiothixene increases effects of flavoxate by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

                  • tiotropium

                    flavoxate and tiotropium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • tolterodine

                    flavoxate and tolterodine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • trifluoperazine

                    flavoxate decreases levels of trifluoperazine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    flavoxate decreases levels of trifluoperazine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    trifluoperazine increases effects of flavoxate by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

                  • trihexyphenidyl

                    flavoxate and trihexyphenidyl both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor. Potential for additive anticholinergic effects.

                  • trimipramine

                    flavoxate and trimipramine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • trospium chloride

                    flavoxate and trospium chloride both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • vecuronium

                    flavoxate and vecuronium both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  • ziprasidone

                    flavoxate decreases levels of ziprasidone by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    flavoxate decreases levels of ziprasidone by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    ziprasidone increases effects of flavoxate by pharmacodynamic synergism. Use Caution/Monitor. Additive anticholinergic effects, possible hypoglycemia.

                  • zotepine

                    flavoxate decreases levels of zotepine by inhibition of GI absorption. Applies only to oral form of both agents. Use Caution/Monitor.

                    flavoxate decreases levels of zotepine by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Use Caution/Monitor.

                  Minor (8)

                  • atenolol

                    flavoxate increases effects of atenolol by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

                  • desipramine

                    flavoxate and desipramine both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Minor/Significance Unknown.

                  • digoxin

                    flavoxate increases effects of digoxin by unspecified interaction mechanism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

                  • dimenhydrinate

                    dimenhydrinate increases toxicity of flavoxate by pharmacodynamic synergism. Minor/Significance Unknown. Additive anticholinergic effects.

                  • donepezil

                    donepezil decreases effects of flavoxate by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

                  • galantamine

                    galantamine decreases effects of flavoxate by pharmacodynamic antagonism. Minor/Significance Unknown.

                  • levodopa

                    flavoxate, levodopa. Other (see comment). Minor/Significance Unknown. Comment: Anticholinergic agents may enhance the therapeutic effects of levodopa; however, anticholinergic agents can exacerbate tardive dyskinesia. In high dosage, anticholinergics may decrease the effects of levodopa by delaying its GI absorption. .

                  • trazodone

                    flavoxate and trazodone both decrease cholinergic effects/transmission. Minor/Significance Unknown.

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                  Adverse Effects

                  Frequency Not Defined

                  Abdominal pain

                  Blurred vision

                  Confusion

                  Constipation

                  Disturbance in ocular accommodation

                  Drowsiness

                  Dry mouth/throat

                  Dysuria

                  Eosinophilia

                  Headache

                  Hyperpyrexia

                  Increased ocular tension

                  Nausea

                  Nervousness

                  Palpitation

                  Tachycardia

                  Urticaria

                  Vertigo

                  Vomiting

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                  Warnings

                  Contraindications

                  Obstructive uropathy, pyloric/duodenal obstruction, ileus, GI bleeding, achalasia

                  Cautions

                  Use with caution in patients with glaucoma

                  May impair ability to perform hazardous tasks

                  May cause ocular disturbances; advice patients of potential effects

                  Vertigo may occur

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                  Pregnancy & Lactation

                  Pregnancy Category: B

                  Lactation: not known if excreted in breast milk, use caution

                  Pregnancy Categories

                  A: Generally acceptable. Controlled studies in pregnant women show no evidence of fetal risk.

                  B: May be acceptable. Either animal studies show no risk but human studies not available or animal studies showed minor risks and human studies done and showed no risk.

                  C: Use with caution if benefits outweigh risks. Animal studies show risk and human studies not available or neither animal nor human studies done.

                  D: Use in LIFE-THREATENING emergencies when no safer drug available. Positive evidence of human fetal risk.

                  X: Do not use in pregnancy. Risks involved outweigh potential benefits. Safer alternatives exist.

                  NA: Information not available.

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                  Pharmacology

                  Mechanism of Action

                  Anticholinergic smooth muscle relaxant that inhibits phosphodiesterase and counteracts muscle spasm in urinary tract; also relaxes detrusor muscle

                  Pharmacokinetics

                  Onset: 55 min

                  Peak Effect: 112 min

                  Excretion: Urine (10-30%)

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                  Images

                  BRAND FORM. UNIT PRICE PILL IMAGE
                  flavoxate oral
                  -
                  		100 mg tablet
                  flavoxate oral
                  -
                  		100 mg tablet

                  Copyright © 2010 First DataBank, Inc.

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                  Patient Handout

                  A Patient Handout is not currently available for this monograph.
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                  Formulary

                  FormularyPatient Discounts

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                  The above information is provided for general informational and educational purposes only. Individual plans may vary and formulary information changes. Contact the applicable plan provider for the most current information.

                  View explanations for tiers and restrictions
                  Tier Description
                  1 This drug is available at the lowest co-pay. Most commonly, these are generic drugs.
                  2 This drug is available at a middle level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "preferred" (on formulary) brand drugs.
                  3 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs.
                  4 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
                  5 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
                  6 This drug is available at a higher level co-pay. Most commonly, these are "non-preferred" brand drugs or specialty prescription products.
                  NC NOT COVERED – Drugs that are not covered by the plan.
                  Code Definition
                  PA Prior Authorization
                  Drugs that require prior authorization. This restriction requires that specific clinical criteria be met prior to the approval of the prescription.
                  QL Quantity Limits
                  Drugs that have quantity limits associated with each prescription. This restriction typically limits the quantity of the drug that will be covered.
                  ST Step Therapy
                  Drugs that have step therapy associated with each prescription. This restriction typically requires that certain criteria be met prior to approval for the prescription.
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                  Drugs that have restrictions other than prior authorization, quantity limits, and step therapy associated with each prescription.
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                  Medscape prescription drug monographs are based on FDA-approved labeling information, unless otherwise noted, combined with additional data derived from primary medical literature.
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